cattle Cattle find shade along streams, foul water, erode streambank -> mesquite, creosote P115.jpg (Helianthus rigidus) an annual pioneer after disturbance
ruminant NIUBAIYE=Omasum; tripe. BBC-LifeOnEarth/4.B_TheHuntersAndTheHunted/#10:40 Impala chews cud.
birds Le Conte's Sparrow wet meadows, ground nest; YOUTUBE Springbrook Prairie BBC-LifeOfBirds/1.2_TheMasteryOfFlight/ #46:15 Dickcissels
grouse GreaterSage Grouse display on the lek Greater prairie-chicken: state endangered
killdeer plover=wading bird
rodents Grasshopper mouse also insectivore. Hibernate: 13-g.s; chipmunk, woodchuck, bat; skunk & bear torpor.
predator Black-footed ferret almost extinct after prairie dogs decline (species of concern); swift & red fox
Coyote keystone: black-tailed jackrabbits & kangaroo rats outcompete other rodents
Pronghorns 1 million 60 MPH; flehmen sniffing, eats shrubs & forbs BBC-LifeOfMammals/1.3_PlantPredators 34:20 Pronghorn, Bison, 40:10 Bighorn Sheep Burrowing Owl (webcam) Red-tailed Hawk (webcam)
mutualistic Tall Thistle, no pollen basket
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