A cladogram draws relationships based on phylogeny (shared ancestry) instead of morphology.
A clade contains all the organisms descended from a common ancestor, and share a character.
For example, all organisms descended from an ancestor that developed jaws constitute a large clade (ingroup); smaller clades later developed lungs, etc. Note:

• Only animals that have jaws can have hair.
  
• All animals with hair have jaws.
  
• Thus, you cannot find an animal with hair but no jaws.