Green Ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) are dioceous: male and female reproductive organs reside on separate plants.

Male flowers are often infested by parasitic mites, forming ash flower galls.

After fertilization, female flowers produce fruits called samaras that spin in the wind.

Other uninvited feeders include the Periodical Cicada, whose nymphs feed on tree roots for 17 years before emerging through the soil and molting into adults. Females then oviposit in a tree branch.